Sunday, July 23, 2017

A rocky marriage may actually help men stave off diabetes

rocky marriage

For men who are unhappily married, the findings of a new research will surely bring happy news. According to the study, men who are in a rocky marriage are less likely to develop diabetes compared with men who are happily married. The study also found if the unhappily married men develop diabetes, they do it later in life and their condition is better managed.

rocky marriage

The study was led by Hui Liu, a Sociology professor at Michigan State University. Prof. Liu and colleagues wanted to find out if there’s a link between quality of marriage and the risk of developing diabetes. They also aimed to investigate how well the condition is managed after it develops in later life.

rocky marriage

The researchers analyzed data from the first two waves of the National Social Life, Health and Aging Project (NSHAP).

Biomeasures and survey responses gathered from interviews and self-reports in the NSHAP data covers many aspects of social life, aging, health, and relationship in older Americans living in communities. [Read more Drinking coffee daily may lead to a longer life, new study shows]

The data on a total of 1,228 married men and women aged 57-85 were included in the study. The first wave of survey was conducted between 2005 and 2006. When the researchers conducted the second wave survey between 2010 and 2011, 389 of the individuals developed diabetes.

rocky marriage

The data collected were not exactly designed to evaluate marital quality, therefore, a statistical approach known as "factor analysis" was used in order to build marital quality scales (positive and negative) from related study items. For example, it included reports on participants’ contentment with present relationship, conduct with mate, intimacy, sexual contact, and inclination towards partner.
The researchers made some astonishing findings, when they collated the data with the information on diabetes that were collected from the married men and women.

The most surprising of these findings was that men in a rocky marriage were at lower risk of getting diabetes, and there condition was better managed once it was diagnosed.

Researchers believe this may be because diabetes is a disease that calls for constant and careful monitoring; continuous badgering from a spouse might improve a husband’s health condition just through effect on health behavior, although it may heighten marital tension over time.

And for women, the team discovered that it was a favorable marital quality that was associated with a lower risk of developing the condition.

And, why is that? Prof. Liu believes this could be because our female counterparts are more sensitive to the quality of marriage, therefore, a happy relationship may positively affect their health.

rocky marriage

These results also prompt questions about how to construe positive and negative marital condition, and to what extent they may vary between the sexes.

Prof. Liu concludes:
“The study challenges the traditional assumption that negative marital quality is always detrimental to health. It also encourages family scholars to distinguish different sources and types of marital quality. Sometimes, nagging is caring.”

About relationships

In the U.S., it seems that couples are becoming unhappier by the day. More relationships are ending up in a rocky marriage than ever before. A 2014 survey by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago found that 60% of people reported being very happy in their relationship, which is down 5% from only 2 years earlier.
“Sexlessness is an inherent part of nearly all relationships, but a lot of couples don't have honest conversations about relationship problems until they're at a point of wanting to divorce,” says Chris Donaghue, Ph.D., a sex therapist and author of Sex Outside the Lines. “By then, it's too late.”
Our sex drive naturally declines when we’re with the same partner. This is down to the deep-rooted human nature; humans tend to get most sexually excited by newness and novelty.
“Monogamy is difficult,” says Donaghue. “Your sex drive doesn't care about socially constructed boundaries. You have to be willing to rock the boat early on in the relationship, talk about it every step of the way, and make adjustments.”

Monday, July 3, 2017

Chocolate may boost cognitive skills within hours

chocolate may boost cognitive skills

If you love chomping on a chocolate bar to get an energy boost, keep doing it and don’t let guilty feelings envelop you. A new study has revealed that chocolate not only boosts energy it may also improve your cognitive skills within a few hours of eating it.
A team of researchers from Italy found that flavanols, found in cocoa, enhances cognition such as memory, visual processing speed, and also help fight back different types of mental deteriorations, especially in older adults. The researchers also found that daily consumption of cocoa for a prolonged period of time may shield against cognitive impairment. [Read more Eating turmeric, red grapes, apple peels could help ‘starve’ prostate cancer cells]

chocolate may boost cognitive skills
The researchers attribute chocolate’s healthful benefits to cocoa bean, the main ingredient of chocolate and an abundant source of flavanols - a type of natural compounds known to possess neuroprotective effects.
Flavanols are a group of compounds found in cocoa, apples, tea, and a number of other plant-based foods and beverages.
A growing body of evidence suggest that a flavanol-rich diet can have a beneficial effect on cardiovascular health.
Several previous studies also pointed to cocoa flavanols’ positive impact on cognitive health.

chocolate may boost cognitive skills

In this study, older adults who regularly consumed cocoa flavanols had improvements in cognition, attention, working memory, and visual processing speed. [Read more Drinking coffee daily may lead to a longer life, new study shows]
"This result suggests the potential of cocoa flavanols to protect cognition in vulnerable populations over time by improving cognitive performance," says Valentina Socci, of the University of L'Aquila in Italy.
Socci and colleagues recently published their review in the journal Frontiers in Nutrition. They discussed in detail what changes take place in your brain up to a few hours after you consume cocoa flavanols, and what happens when you continue such diet for an extended period of time?
Although a handful of randomized controlled trials have investigated the acute effect of cocoa flavanols, most of them suggest their favorable effect on cognitive performance. The participants, after consuming cocoa flavanols, displayed improvements in working memory performance and enhanced processing abilities of visual information. [Read more Extra virgin olive oil may prevent dementia and memory loss]

 chocolate may boost cognitive skills

In women, after a night of complete sleep deprivation, cocoa was found to thwart the cognitive impairment they suffered due to sleeplessness. This brings promising results for people who suffer from chronic insomnia or work shifts.
Past studies have shown that there is a link between cocoa flavanol intake and better cognition. Those studies often adduced dark chocolate as the best source of flavanols.

For this new study, the researchers wanted to conduct a deeper probe into the cocoa flavanols’ benefits on brain. They sought to find out what particular cognitive functions are affected by flavanols and if the effects are immediate. To find answers to these questions, the team decided to conduct an in-depth review of existing studies which examined the cocoa flavanols’ effects on cognition.

chocolate may boost cognitive skills

Specifically, the researchers investigated how cocoa flavanols affect cognitive functioning over time and within hours of consumption. [Read more Coffee may lower risk of early death]
How chocolate may boost cognitive skills
The researchers brought to light evidence of an association between eating cocoa flavanols and almost immediate boosts in working memory. In one study, the team found young adults experienced memory enhancements only two hours after eating 773 milligrams of cocoa flavanols.
Another study showed that cocoa flavanol intake appeared to neutralize cognitive decline caused by a night of sleep deprivation.

chocolate may boost cognitive skills
The researchers found that the bulk of the studies investigating long-term effects of cocoa flavanol consumption on cognitive function were conducted on elderly adults. These adults showed improvement in their cognitive performance after daily consumption of cocoa flavanols (for a minimum of 5 days and up to 3 months). Largely affected were factors such as attention, working memory, processing speed, and verbal fluency. [Read more Top 10 Natural Foods to Boost Your Energy]
More surprising was the fact that these effects were strongest in elderly adults who already had mild cognitive impairment or other memory declines at the study onset.

chocolate may boost cognitive skills

"If you look at the underlying mechanism, the cocoa flavanols have beneficial effects for cardiovascular health and can increase cerebral blood volume in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus," they continue. "This structure is particularly affected by aging and therefore the potential source of age-related memory decline in humans,” say Socci and colleagues.
"Regular intake of cocoa and chocolate could indeed provide beneficial effects on cognitive functioning over time."
However, the researchers warn that people should avoid eating too much chocolate due to its high sugar and calorie count. Still, they say:
"Dark chocolate is a rich source of flavanols. So we always eat some dark chocolate. Every day."